with subsequent airway remodeling and COPD. Aim 1: Determine whether PAD2 and citrullinated vimentin, present in lung macrophages, BAL, plasma and EBC of a cohort of smokers and nonsmoker subjects ...

[54] It is hypothesized that airway epithelial cells may act both as inflammatory initiators and as immunopathological feedback regulators between AR and asthma ... T cells' or Th17 cells ...

Asthma was uncontrolled in 53% of patients with AR and in 57% without AR. [23] Recent research into upper airway and sinus inflammation and remodeling may reveal new perspectives and lead to a ...