The rapid acceptance of complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy by the urological community has radically transformed the repair of classical bladder exstrophy from a standard, staged ...

Bladder exstrophy causes urinary incontinence, frequently resulting in the need for lifelong catheter, and can ultimately lead to kidney failure. Since her initial exstrophy repair, Becca has ...

Staged reconstruction repair of bladder exstrophy results in hydronephrosis or renal scarring in 15-25% of patients. A cosmetically acceptable and functional phallus can be achieved in 85% of ...