Now, researchers at the University of Reading and University College London have introduced an innovative artificial ...

At their core, gemstones are minerals, each with a unique chemical composition ... silicon (Si) atoms in quartz’s crystal ...

This occurs due to the specific arrangement of atoms within the molecular structure. Chirality is important ... parts of a molecule responsible for its color. They absorb light at specific ...

The bromination reactions and mechanisms are compared. UV light splits the bromine molecule into two reactive radicals, resulting in a very slow loss of amber bromine color. The radical bromine atoms ...