Scientists have recently made a significant breakthrough in understanding the structure of matter. For the first time, they ...

Polarized proton containing spinning quarks and gluons (represented by right-handed and left-handed spirals). The negative Δg solutions (blue) are disfavored relative to the positive Δg solutions (red ...

Scientists believe such a substance of free quarks and gluons, the building blocks of protons and neutrons, permeated the universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. RHIC's energetic ...

Physicists love a particle accelerator, and we have since taken a good look at the six flavors of quarks (up, down, strange, ...

The proton mass radius is smaller than the electric charge radius (a dense core), while a cloud of scalar gluon activity extends beyond the charge radius. This finding could shed light on ...

Nuclear physics research is focused on understanding the matter composed of quarks and gluons, which makes up 99% of the mass of the universe. Most of this matter is found at the core of atoms, the ...