Prolonged, uncontrolled, anterior uveitis is a risk factor for spill-over inflammation to the posterior segment of the eye and subsequent cystoid macular edema. Persistent macular edema is the ...
Patients with late-onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are less likely to be positive for human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) and have a family history of SpA; they are more likely to present ...