Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it ...

Protein synthesis isn't a slow process, either. A protein chain 400 amino acids long can be assembled in 20 seconds! The keratin made by the hair follicle cells makes long fibers. The cells ...

As part of the embedding process, the ribosome—the cell's protein production machine—attaches to the membrane and, every time a helix is pushed off the production line because the next helix in the ...

An error in protein conformation can lead to disease. What are the genetic and molecular causes for incorrectly formed proteins? molecules. In 1917 the German chemist ...

While proteins are long, spiral molecule chains, there are two main types of protein molecules. These molecules are the major structural material of animal tissue and are found in animal hair ...

The origins of human language remain mysterious. Are we the only animals truly capable of complex speech? Are Homo sapiens ...

Defective or no longer needed proteins are connected with chains of a molecule called Ubiquitin and thus marked for disposal. The disposal takes place in so-called proteasomes, which are cellular ...

Left: Short-tailed proteins (red) were successfully woven into the cellular membrane, reaching the membrane of the lysosome organelle (green); the resultant yellow color signals that the red and ...