‘Poly-refractory’ disease affects 2.7% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have failed different groups of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b-DMARDS) and targeted synthetic ...

Correspondence to Dr. Kornelis S M van der Geest, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, Netherlands; ...

Introduction Antibodies against double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) are a specific biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The first WHO International Standard (IS) for anti-dsDNA (established ...

Correspondence to Professor Mary K Crow, Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; crowm{at}hss.edu Research elucidating the pathogenesis of ...

Objectives Risankizumab is an interleukin-23 inhibitor under study for the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The phase 3 KEEPsAKE 2 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of ...

Objective To compare the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor and tumour necrosis factor inhibition on inducing repair of existing bone erosions in patients with very early rheumatoid arthritis ...

Objective Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is prevalent and has diverse presentations, but there are no validated classification criteria for this symptomatic arthritis. The American ...

Introduction Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) frequently presents at an advanced stage with irreversible skeletal damage. Clinical outcomes might be improved by earlier diagnosis and prophylactic ...

Correspondence to Professor Chunde Bao, Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; baochunde_1678{at}126.com; Professor Liangjing Lu ...

1 University of Sussex, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom 2 Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Clinical Investigation and Research Unit (CIRU, Brighton, ...