Cytokines are proteins, peptides or glycoproteins secreted by lymphocytes and monocytes that regulate immune responses, haematopoiesis and lymphocyte development. Cytokines include interleukins ...

Interleukins are cytokines produced and secreted mainly by CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes. Interleukins promote development and differentiation of natural killer cells, T and B lymphocytes and ...

The decrease in CD4 cells during HIV infection seems to be driven by immune activation, which does not always correlate with viral load. Experienced clinicians are all too familiar with the ...