The Earth's interior is composed of four layers, three solid and one liquid—not magma but molten metal, nearly as hot as the surface of the sun. The deepest layer is a solid iron ball, about ...

Kew Gardens will open a new "ground-breaking" garden in July that explores the urgent need to tackle the climate crisis. The ...

Brown earth soils are widespread in Britain ... The original vegetation was deciduous forest, resulting in a layer of decaying leaves giving a rich humus. The deep roots of these trees reached ...

The layer acts as a skin for the Earth, protecting landscapes and reducing ... Biocrust, also called cryptobiotic soil, is a "community of tiny, dirt-dwelling organisms that form a distinct ...

The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle focused on carbon and how it is sequestered in and moves between different reservoirs in the Earth ... Soil carbon storage in the upper layers of ...