The great operation was planned in detail and in complete secrecy. Only the war minister Louvois (1641 – 91), Louis XIV’s new secret wife Madame de Maintenon (1635 – 1719), his confessor Père La ...

The Little Ice Age (LIA) was a period of cooling that occurred from approximately the 14th to the mid-19th century, during ...

the bad oatmeal arrives on Madame de Maintenon’s table; the king, who loves hunting, avoids going out.” All European rivers, including the Seine, the Rhone, and even the Ofanto, froze. The fate of ...

List includes first and last names and the cities from which they were deported.