Cytokines are proteins, peptides or glycoproteins secreted by lymphocytes and monocytes that regulate immune responses, haematopoiesis and lymphocyte development. Cytokines include interleukins ...

Muscle uptake of this increased ammonia load results in the formation of glutamine. Whereas release and recirculation of glutamine will result in the regeneration of ammonia, splanchnic generation ...

Furthermore, erdosteine has shown a synergism with antibiotic therapy. In stable COPD patients, long-term treatment with erdosteine had a protective effect against exacerbations by reducing the ...