Plants encounter various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, which can significantly hinder their growth and ...

“Our existence is probably not an evolutionary fluke,” says Jennifer Macalady, a study co-author and microbiology professor ...

Protein translocation is an essential, nano-scale dynamic process that facilitates the movement of proteins across cellular ...

Cyanobacteria began contributing oxygen to Earth's mostly noxious atmosphere more than 2 billion years ago. The photosystem ...

Central to hornworts' enhanced photosynthetic ability is a microscopic structure called a pyrenoid. Found within their chloroplasts, pyrenoids act as CO₂ concentration chambers, ensuring that ...

Purple Earth Hypothesis suggests Earth was once a purple planet. Early microbes used retinal, not chlorophyll, for ...

NIH’s plan to reduce indirect funds faced immense backlash from researchers. A federal judge ruled to extend the halt to cuts until a final decision is made.

Confirmed kleptoplasts, they have specialized mouthparts that enable them to suck the chloroplasts out of algae and store them in their own digestive cells for months, putting them to work for ...

Endosymbiosis is the foundation of complex, multicellular life as we know it, giving rise to the mitochondria and chloroplasts that power cells in plants, animals and fungi. Understanding how this ...

Scientists recreated the origins of one of life's most important partnerships, uncovering how symbiotic relationships can evolve into powerful alliances.