As the CBSE board exams approach, students are keen to understand the exact requirements for passing. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has laid out clear guidelines for Class 10 and ...

Diabetic retinopathy is the main microvascular complication of diabetes and the first blinding eye disease in the working-age population. Oxidative stress is an important pathogenesis of diabetic ...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading global cause of vision impairment, with its prevalence increasing alongside the rising rates of diabetes mellitus (DM). Despite the retina’s complex structure, ...

Investigations Physical examination, fundoscopic examination, laboratory tests for metabolic abnormalities, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, microbiology and serologic testing, electroencephalogram ...