Fluxes of water and sediments via subsurface pathways are significantly higher than surface fluxes. Such subsurface pathways, however, are not considered when managing transfer of water and ...

In a simplified hydrologic model, rainfall (or snow/glacial melt) will pass through the watershed via overland flow, subsurface flow or groundwater flow. Two important hydrologic properties of ...

Coupled with the complexity of subsurface flow routes, such as overflow behaviour from storage reservoirs, water movement to speleothems can be expected to display non-linear behaviour.

Given that methane is a potent greenhouse gas, an improved understanding of subsurface carbon flow could also inform more-precise predictions of how global methane emissions will affect climate ...