In 13·7% of all cases other congenital malformations were observed. Symptoms arose within the first decade of life in 37·2% Bronchography and retrograde arteriography are the mainstay of diagnosis.

However, as was found in the performance of bronchography, 15 leaving a large bore catheter in the skin-cricothyroid membrane for twenty to thirty minutes results in a high incidence of ...

Correspondence to Dr Trisha V Vigneswaran, Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, London, UK; Trisha.Vigneswaran{at}gstt.nhs.uk Background A double ...