DXA was widely used in the measurement of BMD and has the advantages of fast speed, convenience, and low radiation (17). Three Hologic QDR-4500A fan-beam densitometers were used for total femur BMD ...

The primary outcome of this study was osteoporosis. Referring to previous studies, dual-energy X-ray (DXA) scans of the spine (L1–L4) or both hip joints were performed to evaluate an individual’s BMD ...