Genetics | History, Biology, Timeline, & Facts | Britannica
2024年11月24日 · Genetics, study of heredity in general and of genes in particular. Genetics forms one of the central pillars of biology and overlaps with many other areas, such as agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. Learn more about the history, biology, areas of …
Gene | Definition, Structure, Expression, & Facts | Britannica
6 天之前 · The sequence of bases along a strand of DNA determines the genetic code. When the product of a particular gene is needed, the portion of the DNA molecule that contains that gene will split. Through the process of transcription, a strand of RNA with bases complementary to those of the gene is created from the free nucleotides in the cell.
Human genetics | Description, Chromosomes, & Inheritance
Human genetics, study of the inheritance of characteristics by children from parents. Human inheritance does not differ in any fundamental way from inheritance in other organisms. An understanding of human heredity is important in the prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases that have a genetic component.
DNA | Definition, Discovery, Function, Bases, Facts, & Structure ...
2024年11月21日 · DNA, organic chemical of complex molecular structure found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It codes genetic information for the transmission of inherited traits. The structure of DNA was described in 1953, leading to further understanding of DNA replication and hereditary control of cellular activities.
Mutation | Definition, Causes, Types, & Facts | Britannica
2024年11月5日 · Mutation, an alteration in the genetic material (the genome) of a cell of a living organism or of a virus that is more or less permanent and that can be transmitted to the cell’s or the virus’s descendants. The genomes of organisms are all composed of DNA, whereas viral genomes can be of DNA or RNA.
Behavior genetics | Definition, History, & Methods | Britannica
behaviour genetics, the study of the influence of an organism’s genetic composition on its behaviour and the interaction of heredity and environment insofar as they affect behaviour. The question of the determinants of behavioral abilities and disabilities has commonly been referred to as the “nature-nurture” controversy.
genetics - Kids | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
Genetics is the study of heredity, or how certain features pass from parents to their offspring, or young. Every kind of plant and animal produces young of its own species, or type. The young resemble their parents.
Genetic engineering | Definition, Process, Uses, Examples, …
4 天之前 · Genetic engineering, the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules to modify an organism. The term is generally used to refer specifically to methods of recombinant DNA technology. Learn about the history, techniques, and applications of genetic engineering.
Allele | Definition, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
2024年11月9日 · All genetic traits are the result of the interactions of alleles. Mutation , crossing over, and environmental conditions selectively change the frequency of phenotypes (and thus their alleles) within a population.
Mendelian inheritance | Gregor Mendel, Genes, & Genetics
2024年11月22日 · The later discovery of chromosomes as the carriers of genetic units supported Mendel’s two basic laws, known as the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment. Mendel's law of segregation Cross of a purple-flowered and a white-flowered strain of peas.