Replication creates identical DNA strands, while transcription converts DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation then decodes mRNA into amino acids, forming proteins essential for life functions. Created by Sal Khan .
Translation occurs in ribosomes, which are cellular structures made of proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Here, mRNA is converted into amino acid sequences, forming polypeptides. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids and matches them with mRNA codons, allowing ribosomes to synthesize proteins.
RNA plays various roles in cells, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and microRNA, and it is a vital part of processes such as transcription, translation, and cellular functions.
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