Molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to ...
2009年4月3日 · Excessive activation of glutamate receptors by excitatory amino acids leads to a number of deleterious consequences, including impairment of calcium buffering, generation of free radicals,...
Going the Extra (Synaptic) Mile: Excitotoxicity as the Road Toward ...
2020年4月24日 · The molecular mechanism that triggers excitotoxicity involves alterations in glutamate and calcium metabolism, dysfunction of glutamate transporters, and malfunction of glutamate receptors, particularly N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDAR).
Ischemia-Triggered Glutamate Excitotoxicity From the …
2020年3月19日 · Glutamate uptake via EAATs serves as a major mechanism for regulating the extracellular concentration of glutamate and preventing glutamate excitotoxicity. Glutamate uptake is mainly accomplished by astrocytes which either convert glutamate to glutamine or feed it into their own metabolism.
Pictorial Review of Glutamate Excitotoxicity: Fundamental …
2001年11月1日 · The specific type of excitotoxicity triggered by the amino acid glutamate is the key mechanism implicated in the mediation of neuronal death in many disorders. The discovery of excitotoxic injury is a major clue in the search for answers to such fundamental questions as why neurons die in disease states and what is the precise or critical ...
Glutamate excitotoxicity: Potential therapeutic target for …
In this review, we highlight recent findings on glutamate release, reuptake mechanisms, NMDAR and its downstream cellular signaling pathways in post-ischemic stroke damage, and review the pathological changes in each link to help develop viable new therapeutic targets.
Concept of Excitotoxicity via Glutamate Receptors
2014年1月1日 · Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is initiated by buildup of excess glutamate in the extracellular space that leads to overactivation of GluRs, disruption in cell membrane permeability, and downstream activation of signaling cascades involved in loss of nerve cell function, cell damage, and death (Farooqui et al. 2008; Gillessen et al. 2002 ...
Glutamate-Mediated Excitotoxicity in the Pathogenesis and
2024年6月13日 · The aim of this narrative review is to summarize evidence implying mechanisms of glutamate excitotoxicity in the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapy of neurodevelopmental disorders, with a focus on autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and adult mental disorders, with particular attention to substance abuse and psychiatric disorders.
Excitotoxicity Revisited: Mitochondria on the Verge of a Nervous ...
2021年2月16日 · Most studies exploring mechanisms of excitotoxicity have involved exposing healthy neurons to high concentrations of glutamate, while excitotoxicity mainly occurs in diseases in which neuronal mitochondria are already compromised and glutamate concentration varies in a more physiological range.
Taming Glutamate Excitotoxicity: Strategic Pathway Modulation …
2015年1月30日 · Glutamate excitotoxicity plays a central role in cell death during acute neuronal injury. Glutamate scavenging and reduction is a novel approach to attenuating glutamate excitotoxicity. Nitric oxide inhibitors and free radical scavengers have shown promising results in animal models but results are mixed in human trials.
PKCα phosphorylation of GLT-1 at Ser562/563 induces glutamate …
2022年3月23日 · Our recent work showed that quick modulation of GLT-1 activity by sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling played a key role in acute cerebral ischemia, and the underlying mechanism included PKCα...