Hepatitis B virus movement through the hepatocyte: An update
HBV is an enveloped DNA virus that exclusively infects hepatocytes of humans and some non-human primates and replicates by a multifaceted process of reverse transcription. The viral life cycle requires cellular receptors as well as cellular microenvironment suitable for viral entry, uncoating, genome repair, gene expression, replication ...
Hepatitis B virus movement through the hepatocyte: An update
Hijacking host cell processes applies in particular to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), as its DNA genome with about 3 kb in size is one of the smallest viral genomes known. HBV is a leading cause of liver disease and still displays one of the most successful pathogens in human populations worldwide.
The Culprit Behind HBV-Infected Hepatocytes: NTCP - PMC
NTCP has been identified as the receptor that HBV and its satellite virus, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), use to enter hepatocytes. HBV entry into hepatocytes is tightly regulated by various signaling pathways, and NTCP plays an important role as the initial stage of HBV infection.
Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration and Clonal Expansion of Hepatocytes …
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause chronic, lifelong infection of the liver that may lead to persistent or episodic immune-mediated inflammation against virus-infected hepatocytes. This immune response results in elevated rates of killing of ...
Mechanism of Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in Hepatocytes and …
Characteristic of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is its high tissue and species specificity, as well as a unique genomic organization and replication mechanism. Indeed, humans are the only natural hosts of HBV infection, and the hepatocyte is the only target cell that is susceptible for infection and where viral replication takes place.
A liver immune rheostat regulates CD8 T cell immunity in chronic HBV …
Jul 5, 2024 · In preclinical models of persistent infection with hepatotropic viruses such as HBV, dysfunctional virus-specific CXCR6 + CD8 T cells accumulated in the liver and, as a characteristic hallmark,...
Hepatitis B Virus-Hepatocyte Interactions and Innate Immune
Hepatocyte intrinsic innate immunity provides a rapid first line of defense to combat viral infection through the upregulation of antiviral and inflammatory genes. However, the functional relevance of many of these antiviral signaling pathways in the liver and their role in HBV pathogenesis is still only partially understood.
Immunobiology and pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection
May 17, 2021 · Hepatitis B virus (HBV), the prototypical member of the Hepadnaviridae family, is a non-cytopathic DNA virus that is transmitted by contacts with infected blood and body fluids and triggers...
Hepatitis B Virus Targets Lipid Transport Pathways to Infect Hepatocytes
Jan 1, 2023 · A single hepatitis B virus (HBV) particle is sufficient to establish chronic infection of the liver after intravenous injection, suggesting that the virus targets hepatocytes via a highly efficient transport pathway.
Roles of hepatocyte nuclear factors in hepatitis B virus infection
Aug 8, 2016 · Persistent HBV infection is a major risk factor for chronic hepatitis and is the leading cause of liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the HBV life cycle, hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) play critical roles in …
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